historical writings 944 1. The novices ought to be surrounded by diligent care; therefore, they are never to be sent out from the Hermitage, even to the village.373 Let them not have conversations with the professed; let them remain in their own novitiate. It is not permitted for them to have conversations with outsiders. In a word, they are to be educated according to the Constitution of Clement VIII on the reformation of religious.374 2. Let Br. Alexander375 teach Latin to our Brothers Jerome,376 Peter,377 and Andrew,378 and they should use [Latin] when they are together for two hours in the morning and two hours after lunch, as determined by the President. Let Brothers Gabriel379 and Paul,380 during this time in the novitiate, read to themselves cases of conscience.381 Let them not neglect, however, manual labor — for at least two hours daily, and this for the sake of preserving health. 3. It is never permitted to dispense from silence at the common meals, and except during recreation, let there be uninterrupted reading of holy books and papal decrees, which are [to be] read daily (since for us they take the place of Constitutions).382 373 Father Papczyński refers here to neighboring village of Korabiewice. 374 This was the constitution Cum ad regularem of March 19, 1603. 375 Probably Br. Alexander of St. Mark, who was ordained a priest around 1703/1704. He left the Marian Order before 1715. Cf. Positio, p. 501, n. 4 ad textum. 376 Probably Br. Jerome of St. Valentine (d. 1735). Cf. Positio, p. 501, n. 5 ad textum. 377 Probably Br. Peter of St. James, who left the Marian Order around 1716. Cf. ibid., n. 6 ad textum. 378 Probably Br. Andrew Deszpott of St. Matthew (d. 1750), ordained around 1710. Cf. ibid., n. 7 ad textum. 379 Gabriel of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary (d. 1728). He joined the Marian Fathers around 1700. Cf. Positio, p. 502, n. 8. 380 Paul Juskiewicz of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary (d. 1757). He joined the Marians before the death of Fr. Papczyński and was ordained a priest around 1703. Cf. ibid., n. 9. 381 These are examples of applying moral principles to specific cases. In the 17th century, a popular work containing such examples was the Summa casuum of St. Raymond of Penyafort (d. 1275). 382 The Marians did not have a Constitution then, because on November 24, 1699, they had received the Rule of the Ten Virtues of the Blessed Virgin Mary, but had not received papal approval of Norma Vitae, which after necessary adaptation would eventually be approved and serve as their Constitution. This approval of NV,
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