Lumen 2018

S TANISLAUS P APCZYNSKI 114 stroyed in 1944. Today, therefore, it is impossible to obtain an official confirmation of Stanislaus Papczynski’s ordination, which took place in Warsaw in 1656, from the WarsawMetropolitan Curia. 93 Searches in the Secret Archives of the Vatican 94 as well as in the archives of the Diocese of Poznan, Diocese of Gniezno, Diocese of Plock, and Diocese of Wloclawek yielded no results, either. 95 The fact that Stanislaus Papczynski did receive Minor Orders and the Sub-dia- conate must have been documented before he received the Dia- conate and was ordained to the priesthood. 96 Wartime Wandering It has already been said that, after the vows which he had made in Lvov, King John Casimir and his army attacked Warsaw and easily recaptured the city. The Swedes, headed by Field Marshal Witten- berg, capitulated on July 1, 1656, after which the field marshal and other personages from the Swedish crew were sent away to Zamosc. But when the idle army began to disperse, Charles Gustavus and Frederick William mobilized 20,000 soldiers, crossed the Narew River from the north and, after a three-day battle near Warsaw (July 28-July 30) on the Praga banks of the river, forced John Casimir’s army (twice as strong as theirs) to retreat. During this battle, when a unit of the Polish and Lithuanian cavalry called husaria [cavalry in winged armor — EStJ] launched a bravura charge, one of the Lithuanian cavalryman almost killed the Swedish king. He hit and wounded the king with his lance, but was himself killed by a shot from a pistol allegedly fired by Boguslaus Radziwill. Thus Warsaw fell into the Swedish hands again. It was only for a short time (until August 26), but even this time was enough for the Swedes to loot the city. The court of the Polish king had to leave Warsaw again and moved to Lublin this time. 97 Even though the battle of Warsaw ended with a victory for the Swedes, it did not prevent their ultimate defeat. Their agreements with Prince Boguslaus Radziwill and with George Rakoczy, Prince