Father Casimir Wyszynski

146 J ANUSZ K UMALA , MIC, P H D centered on theMother of God. Muchwas said andwritten about the Immaculate Conception, the Assumption, Mary’s mediation and her spiritual motherhood 154 . The most prominent represen- tative of this “golden” period was a Dominican, Father Justin Zapartowicz (1590-1670), the creator of the first Mariological synthesis in Poland 155 . The most common form of Marian devotion at this time was the surrendering of oneself in bondage to Mary. This form of de- votion existed in Polish piety as early as the 17 th century, about 40 years before the birth of Saint Louis Grignon de Montfort, the famous French Mariologist (1673-1716). Marian devotion in Poland had been introduced by Father Francis Fenicki, SJ (1592- 1652), who published the book Mariaemancipium in 1632. Later, another Jesuit priest, Father John Chomętowski (1597-1641), supplemented and published this book in Polish. Later in the 17 th century, other Jesuits (Drużbicki, Nieliski, andMorawski) further developed this devotion which promoted service to and love for Mary. 156 The coronation of the image of Our Lady at Jasna Góra in 1717, became an important event for the development of Marian devo- tion in Poland in the 18 th century. This event revived the practice of bondage to Mary and veneration of the Jasna Góra icon in its many forms. Also increased was the number of pilgrimages to Jasna Gora, which slowly became a central shrine in the Kingdom of Poland. People continued to remember the miracle of the de- fense of the Jasna Góra monastery in 1655 and the vows made by King John Casimir in 1656, who proclaimed theMother of God as the Queen of the Polish Crown. 157 154 F. Bracha, Historia mariologii polskiej , in: Gratia plena. Studia teologiczne o Bogurodzicy , Ed. B. Przybylski, Poznań-Warszawa-Lublin 1965, 466-475. 155 T. Węgrzyniak, S łynny mariolog polski o. Justyn Zapartowicz (Miechowita) , in: “Ruch biblijny i liturgiczny” 4(1951) 113-121. 156 E. Reczek, Niewolnictwo mariańskie. Dwie publikacje polskich jezuitów z roku 1632 , in: S acrum Poloniae Millenium, v.10, Rzym1964, 319-480; W. Makoś MIC, Forma kultu Maryi propagowana przez Drużbickiego, Fenickiego i Chomentowskiego , in: “Roczniki Teologiczno-Kanoniczne” 29 (1982) c. 2, 127-134. 157 S. Litak, Z dziejów kultu Matki Boskiej Częstochowskiej w XVII-XVIII wieku .